Sign up Log in. Web icon An illustration of a computer application window Wayback Machine Texts icon An illustration of an open book. Books Video icon An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Video Audio icon An illustration of an audio speaker. Audio Software icon An illustration of a 3. Even if you have never drawn or painted before, you can start creating your own beautiful artwork. Let the Willenbrinks show you how! Beginning with materials and basic techniques, these pages will teach you everything you need to know to get started in drawing, watercolors and oil painting.
Every essential art topic is covered, from sketching and shading to composition and color. Simple step-by-step instruction and many enormously useful lessons and tips will have you making your own masterpieces in no time! You may be an absolute beginner, but great results are absolutely within reach! Learn all about value and shadows, and get more than 15 step-by-step technique exercises on how to draw still lifes, animals and people. Also includes a glossary of common art terms.
The Absolute Beginner series of e-books will inspire anyone who wants to make art to create realistic artwork for any subject, including still life, landscapes, animals and people. This book is for the individuals who wants to be an artist but know nothing about drawing. And when you finally grabbed the confidence to mark that paper but then it turned out really terrible and you didn't want to show it to anyone.
Learn the very basics of drawing easily by following this step-by-step tutorial and realize that drawing is something that is fun to do, and not something that becomes a cause of frustration. To give you a hint of what this book is all about, look at this short list of tasks that you will learn to properly initiate after reading and following the tutorial. Tasks: Start with a loose sketch. You need to define the first look of your drawing by sketching it first so it could serve as a pattern for your permanent outlines defined outlines.
If the lay-out of your primary sketch is too far-off from the final piece that you are after, the latter parts are going to be difficult. Define permanent outlines. Trace your sketch to clearly define the contour shape primary shape of your drawing, and clean it up by erasing the sketch markings.
A highlight occurs where light reflects off an object. In a drawing, this appears as a bright spot. Form Shadow. A shadow on an object that gives depth and dimension to its form. Cast Shadow. A shadow that is cast or thrown by one object onto another surface.
Light that bounces off a surface and adds light to a region of the object that would otherwise be darker. Placing the light source below the subject contributes to his fightening looks.
A Natural Light Source Moving the light source from below the subject to above gives the monster a less frightening appearance. Plotting Shadows While the concept of plotting shadows may seem daunting, a basic understanding of it will help you to draw realistically.
There are two primary methods of plotting a shadow. One is for when the light source is in the background and can be shown on the drawing; the other is for when the light source is in the foreground and cannot be seen directly. Both of these methods use the principles of linear perspective. Light Source in the Background In this example, the light source is in the background. Notice that there is a line coming straight down from the light source to the horizon.
From this vanishing point, draw lines passing through the bottom corners of the cube. Next, draw lines from the light source passing through the top corners of the cube. Unseen Light Source in the Foreground Though the general direction of the light is assumed, the light source is so far away that it cannot be indicated in the drawing.
Because of this, the direction of the light and where those lines would converge on the horizon will be a vanishing point. Then draw lines from this vanishing point and pass them through the bottom corners of the cube.
Next, plot the lines coming from the vanishing point of the angle of the light source. Place this vanishing point below and perpendicular to the other vanishing point. From this point, draw lines that pass through the top corners of the cube. The intersection of these lines will form the shape of the shadow of the cube. You will find certain subjects easier to draw than others. Challenge yourself—give some of the lessons you may deem more difficult a chance.
You might even try some lessons more than once, then compare the results from your first attempt with your last. I predict that you will be amazed at the improvement in your drawing skills. You can draw all of these examples with your 4H, HB and 4B pencils.
Use the 4H and HB pencils for the light and medium values and the 4B pencil for the darkest values. Drawing Subjects Are Everywhere Be on the lookout for drawing subjects such as these rocks. This drawing was done from a photograph taken by one of my students, Jackie Chunko. Clouds and Grass The world around us offers an infinite number of subjects to draw. Commonplace items such as clouds and grass can be interesting by themselves or as complements to other elements in a picture. When drawing clouds, start by sketching the outline, but use subtle value changes to show the shape and depth of their.
You can achieve value changes by varying the type or pressure of your pencil strokes. Be particularly conscious of the location of your light source. Stormy days while the sun is still out are especially good for drawing clouds because there are so many sharp contrasts between the lights and darks of the sky. With the light source above, the tops of the clouds appear lighter, while the undersides appear darker and shadowed.
One way to learn how to draw clouds in sunlight is to study the effects of light on something more solid, such as cotton balls. Clouds can be both translucent and opaque. When the light source is behind the clouds, the cloud in front of the sun will appear bright white around the thin, translucent edges where the light shines through it.
The thicker parts of the cloud will appear darker because they are more opaque, blocking more of the light. Line strokes can imply individual blades of grass. Use darker strokes to indicate shading and depth.
The background grass is shown as a dark silhouette, whereas the foreground grass is suggested with light pencil strokes. Vary the direction and spacing of the lines to make the grass look more interesting. Trees may be the center of interest in a scene or just a background element.
Each tree has a character all its own. Branch Out Exposed branches can add interest to an otherwise ordinary tree. First sketch the branches of the tree, then erase the lines that are going to be covered by the leaves. Finally, shade in the leaves. Sketch the Basic Shape Start with the basic overall shape of the tree. Place the trunk toward the bottom of the page. Even if the branches are not visible in the final drawing, sketching them will help you understand both the structure of the tree and the placement of the leaves.
Add more definition to the outer form of the tree by outlining the edges of the leaves. Add the Leaves and Shading Erase any unnecessary lines. Use a variety of back-andforth lines to suggest the leaves. Make some lines darker than others to create shadows. Notice that the direction of the lines adds a sense of liveliness to an otherwise static subject. Remove your initial outline with an eraser. Use the same basic steps to draw evergreens as you would use to draw leafy trees.
When drawing a tree, examine the subject closely to capture its uniqueness. Sketch the Branches Sketch in the branches, noticing their direction. The branches angle downward the farther down you place them on the tree. Many trees are structured like this, not only evergreens.
Add the Needles and Shading Erase any unnecessary lines. Use a variety of staggered back-andforth lines to suggest the needles of the tree. Apply some lines more heavily than others to create shading and depth.
Carry a Camera Be on the lookout for interesting trees that you can photograph and use as references for future drawings. Brick, Stone and Wood Knowing how to draw different building materials such as brick, stone and wood comes in handy when you want to draw a house. These elements add a range of textures that make your drawing more interesting. Draw Anywhere, Anytime The really great thing about drawing is that once you have the necessary materials, you can draw anywhere, anytime.
Draw on the bus! Draw on your lunch break! Bricks Up Close A subject viewed up close will display more texture than when viewed from a distance, so it should be drawn differently to show that detail. To emphasize their worn appearance, draw old bricks with multidirectional lines of varied degrees of thickness. Bricks at a Distance A distant view of bricks is drawn with minimal detail.
Use back-and-forth line strokes to add values to the bricks. Add shadows under the individual bricks with heavy dark lines for a subtle sense of depth. Also create depth through the use of one-point perspective. Draw the massive fitted stones of an ancient Roman building with shading lines going in different directions to show texture. Make the joints of the stones dark to imply shadow and depth. Use irregular shapes and sizes, varied line strokes and shading to create a wall of rough stones.
Add heavy, dark lines under the stones to imply shadow and depth. Notice the left end of the wall is set against a background made of dark vertical line strokes to suggest a corner. Wood Beams Draw wood grain using differing values and line strokes. Make the places where the wood was chipped out darker to suggest shadow and depth. Use semicircular lines to create the knots in the boards. Wood Boards Draw weathered wood boards with coarse pencil strokes flowing in similar directions to show the grain.
The spaces underneath and between the boards are dark to suggest depth. Apply the same drawing principles and techniques that are used when drawing complex subjects to relatively simple subjects such as rocks.
You can make the drawing more interesting by varying the shapes and sizes of the rocks. Sketch the Basic Shapes Sketch the outer shapes of the rocks, varying the sizes and shapes for interest. Map Out the Lights and Darks Add lines to map out the lights and darks on the rocks. In this case, the light comes from the upper right, so draw lines on the upper right areas of the rocks for the highlights and on the lower left areas for the darkest portions of the rocks.
Add Shading and Shadows Use consistent up-and-down pencil strokes so that the surface of the rocks will look smooth. Make the pencil strokes darker on the left side of the rocks to create shading and depth. Rocks offer a variety of shapes, sizes and textures.
Coarse Rocks The rough shaping of these rocks makes each one unique. This appears to be a simple drawing, but its subtle value changes make it challenging The outer shape of some of the background rocks is defined by the shading behind them. Projecting Rocks These rocks jut upward, their top edges appearing light in value.
Use back-and-forth lines to fill in the values, altering the pressure of some of the strokes to add shading and depth. Sketch the Wings First sketch the wings as a long box, using two-point perspective as if looking down on the subject. Draw lines to better define the shapes of the rudder. Chisel out the fuselage and shorten the lower wing tips.
Add Lines for the Body Add lines for the basic structure of the fuselage and where the rudder and tail stop. These lines share the same perspective as the wings. Add Shading Erase any unnecessary lines, and shade in the overall form. Add the darkest areas last, such as the shadow under the wings. Draw A High-Speed Jet First draw the basic shapes in perspective to carve out the shape of the plane.
Add highlights, shadows and details. This type of steam engine is a Norfolk and Western The structural elements of this scene are drawn using one-point perspective. Make use of the principles of atmospheric perspective as you apply the lights and darks. When you want to shade subjects like these, friskets and erasing shields may be handy tools to use. Sketch the Basic Shapes Draw the horizon line, with the vanishing point on the left side.
Start with the basic shape in one-point perspective. Notice that all the vertical lines are perpendicular to the horizon at this stage. Add More Structural Lines Add the more obvious lines, including the vertical lines that define the individual cars. Add a cross in the upper middle of the circle, to mark the placement of the engine lights. Indicate the Basic Shapes of the Front Fill the previously drawn square with a circle. Add other lines to indicate the basic shaping of the front of the engine.
Also add trim to the tops of the cars. Add Shading Erase any unnecessary lines, and finish with shading. Use uniform up-and-down pencil strokes to make a smooth appearance. Create atmospheric perspective by drawing the closer portion of the train with more contrasts and details than the more distant portion.
Draw a Steam Engine Sketch the basic shapes, chisel out the shape of the train, and add feature lines. Next add the shading, paying close attention to subtle value changes.
This is a Facel Vega, a French sports car built in the s and s. This is a fun lesson to practice dissecting your subjects by first looking for the basic shapes, remembering the rules of perspective. Sketch the Basic Shapes Sketch a basic box shape in two-point perspective.
Take the time to get this right so the rest of the drawing will work out accurately. Add lines to mark the placement of the front elements such as the grill and headlights. Add the Top and Squares for the Wheels Add the top of the car to the basic shape. This will help you draw the ellipses for the tires accurately. Like all the elements, the squares share the same perspective as the basic box shape. Add Details and Begin Shading Add details such as the headlights, grill, windows and interior.
Keep in mind that the cutouts for the wheel are shaped differently from the wheels themselves. Add some shading to the wheels and shadow under the car. Add Details and Shade Add more details to complete the car, such as wheel covers and chrome trim. Erase obsolete lines.
Shade the form, using uniform line work to create a smooth appearance. Add another layer of darks to the wheels and shadows, giving them more contrast against the lighter values of the car. Creating a Shiny, Metallic Surface Rich darks and graduated values give this Jaguar a shiny metallic appearance. The graceful lines of boats and shimmering water reflections inspire great compositions.
Sketch the the Lines of the Hull Start with the lines of the hull, which tilt slightly upward on the left side. Add the Side of the Cabin and the Top of the Hull Draw the side of the cabin and the curve of the top of the hull. The boat is viewed from the side and at a distance, making it look flat. Add lines to indicate the placement of the cabin. Shade to Finish Add values to the elements. Use long, straight pencil strokes on the hull. Make the inside of the cabin dark. For those of you who are cat lovers, this demo will be lots of fun.
For those of you who prefer dogs we know everyone falls under one of the two categories , go ahead and try this exercise, then give the finished art to one of your cat-loving friends.
This demo offers a great way to develop your shading skills. Sketch the Basic Shapes To draw the feline face, start with the basic outer oval, two lines for the top and bottom of the eyes, and an oval for the snout. Place the Facial Elements Add more lines for the eyes, mouth and the top of the ears, as well as a triangle for the nose. Add details, including the pupils, nose and muzzle.
Add Shading Erase any obsolete lines. Add shading with pencil strokes that follow the direction of the fur. Apply darker values for the stripes and shadows. Cats are as varied as people, and it is fun to capture their unique qualities in your drawings. In addition to helping you create shape and texture, this demo will give you an opportunity to work on developing your proportioning skills. To sketch the legs and body in the correct proportions, first sketch a baseline. A baseline is used to establish the placement of your subject and to help work out proportions of a drawing.
Sketch the Basic Body Shape Draw a rectangle to suggest the basic body structure. Take the vertical lines all the way down to the baseline. Add the Neck and Legs Add lines for the neck that connect the head to the body. Sketch angled lines for the legs. See page 30 for instructions on how to transfer angles. Add the Head Shape Sketch an oval for the head. Position it so it just overlaps the top horizontal line.
Complete the Body Draw the outline of the tail, and complete the legs. Add the outline of the ears and position the eye and mouth. Erase any obsolete lines. Add details to the eye, mouth, nose, ear and paws. Start with the basic overall structure and then add more features as your drawing progresses. While observing dachshunds for this drawing, I became aware of how short dachshunds really are!
Sketch the Basic Shapes Sketch lines to form the basic body and head structure, including a baseline to establish where the feet will rest.
Sketch lines that will indicate the muzzle and the foreground legs. Add Circles for the Head and Body Add circles for the head, chest and rear. Add the eye, tail, ears and legs. Place the background legs so they are staggered in comparison to the foreground legs. Add Fur, Details and Shading Erase any obsolete lines. Add details to the eye, nose, mouth and paws. Drawing Long Fur Use long pencil strokes that follow the direction of the fur to shade in the coat for a longhaired dog.
Make these pencil strokes less uniform than those used for a shorthaired dog. This will make the long fur look more textured. Cows are incredible creatures. Besides giving us milk, cheese and meat, cows do amazing tricks, but no one knows about it because they pull these stunts only when no one is looking. Sketch the Basic Shapes Sketch the basic shapes: a rectangle for the body and a triangle for the head.
Add a baseline to establish the length of the legs. Add the eye, ears, tail and udders. Indicate the Neck and Legs Add lines for the neck and legs. Pay attention to the placement and angles of these lines. Use a small circle to indicate the joint of the front knee.
Add Shading and Finishing Details Erase any extra lines. Add light shading to imply form, using darker shading in the more shadowed places. The elegant lines of this swan makes it an interesting subject. Enjoy practicing your skills with this mini demo and then consider using your drawing as a greeting card.
Sketch the Basic Shapes Sketch the basic shapes of the head and body. Be conscious of their proportions and placement. Add the Neck and Beak Add curved lines for the neck, then add the beak, paying attention to the distance between the neck lines.
Add Final Details and Shading Add the shading with short pencil strokes. Start with the lighter values, then add another layer of pencil strokes for the darker areas. Human Figures People make fascinating subjects to draw. While at a mall, just look at all the different sizes, shapes and proportions of the people around you. Proportions for Adults Though men are generally taller than women, they are shown as the same height here for comparison.
For both sexes, almost half the height is made up of the legs, with the tips of the hands falling to the mid-thigh region. The waist is lower in men than in women. Another difference is that men are generally bulkier and wider than women. Equal Height and Width For most adults, their height is equal to the width of their outstretched arms. Proportions for Children Children are proportioned differently from adults, more noticeably in younger children.
Their bodies are smaller in relation to their heads, and their legs are shorter, with the tops of their legs well below the middle line. Figure Drawing Once you become familiar with basic body structure and proportions, you can draw more confidently, using a minimum of structural guidelines. Man Standing As you draw the human figure, remember that almost half the height of the body is the legs.
Establish the middle line first, then mark the top of the inseam. Pay attention to the head size, which takes up a little more than one-eighth of the overall height. A common mistake in figure drawing is to make the head too large and the legs too short. Establish the General Proportions Start with lines to indicate the placement and proportions. Add top, bottom and middle horizontal lines.
Then sketch a line halfway between the middle and top lines, then sketch another line between the last line drawn and the top line. The distance from the top line to the next lower line is one-eighth of the overall height.
You can use dividers if you want to check your proportions. Sketch in the legs, placing the top of the inseam just below the middle line. Add the Arms, Hands and Feet Add the arms, with the wrists falling at about the middle line and the fingertips reaching mid-thigh. Sketch a line for the placement of the eyes. Sketch in the feet along the baseline. One way to do this is to use the width of the eye as a unit of measurement. These examples show generic proportions of an adult male of European origin.
The features of individuals vary according to age, gender and ethnicity, if only in subtle ways. Sketch the Basic Shape Start with the basic shape eggshape of the head. It should be five eye-widths wide by seven eye-widths high. Add the Eye Line Sketch a horizontal line in the middle of the face to place the eyes. Sketch a vertical line to establish the center of the face. Add a line for the nose a little less than half the distance from the eyes to the chin. Sketch a line for the mouth a little less than halfway between the line for the nose and chin.
Add Eyebrows and Lips Add a horizontal line above the eyes for the eyebrows and sketch them in. Add the top and bottom lips. Add the Nose and Ears Add the base of the nose. The width of the nose aligns with the inside corners of the eyes. Add the ears, with the tops of the ears aligned with the eyebrows and the bottoms aligned with the base of the nose.
A three-quarters view of the face shows most of the face and part of the side of the head. Keep in mind that the proportions and the placement of the elements are similar to the front view.
Sketch the Basic Shape Sketch an egg-shape for the threequarters view with the chin slightly off-center toward the right. Add the Eye Line Add a slightly off-center horizontal line for the eyes. Sketch a vertical line through the middle of the eye line to establish the center of the face.
Add Eyebrows and Lips Add a line to place the eyebrows, then sketch in the eyebrows. The curve of the brows should follow the curve of the eyes. Drawing Nature for the Absolute Beginner offers a great beginner's course on drawing nature. In their fun and friendly teaching style, Mark and Mary Willenbrink show you how to realistically capture the world around you. All you need to get started are some simple supplies, basic techniques, and inspiration. From field to forest, beach or mountain, begin with a structural sketch, apply values and textures, and, before you know it, you'll be drawing everything you see.
You'll even learn how to render favorite wildlife such as chipmunks, deer and eagles! Your artistic journey can be as pleasant as your final destination with drawing instruction meant for everyone. It's designed to help you start experiencing the joy of watercolor immediately - even if you've never picked up a brush.
Mark and Mary Willenbrink provide all the guidance and encouragement you need. Their painting techniques, tips and tricks help make every step you take a success, from selecting colors to designing a composition. It's like having two private art instructors right there at your side. In no time at all you'll be hanging original works of art - pieces you'll be proud to show to family and friends. The Willenbrinks' easy-to-follow instruction ensures it. Don't put off your artistic life another day!
Everyone can draw and paint, including you! Even if you have never drawn or painted before, you can start creating your own beautiful artwork. Let the Willenbrinks show you how! Beginning with materials and basic techniques, these pages will teach you everything you need to know to get started in drawing, watercolors and oil painting.
Every essential art topic is covered, from sketching and shading to composition and color. Simple step-by-step instruction and many enormously useful lessons and tips will have you making your own masterpieces in no time!
You may be an absolute beginner, but great results are absolutely within reach! Learn all about value and shadows, and get more than 15 step-by-step technique exercises on how to draw still lifes, animals and people. Also includes a glossary of common art terms.
The Absolute Beginner series of e-books will inspire anyone who wants to make art to create realistic artwork for any subject, including still life, landscapes, animals and people. This book is for the individuals who wants to be an artist but know nothing about drawing.
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